Summary

The amendment of the Constitution of the Republic of Estonia is regulated by the following:

1. Chapter 15 of the Constitution;

2. The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia Implementation Act;

3. The Referendum Act;

4. The Riigikogu Procedure Act.
The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia contains two chapters which can only be amended by a referendum: the General Provisions and the Amendment of the Constitution. Other parts and provisions may be amended both by a referendum and by the Riigikogu.
As a rule, amendment of the Constitution is initiated by the President or by not less than 21 members of the Riigikogu in the form of a bill. At the third reading of the bill in the Riigikogu, it will be decided whether the constitution will be amended by a referendum or in the Riigikogu by two succeeding memberships of the Riigikogu, or as a matter of emergency.